The objective of this course is to provide students with the fundamental principles of physical and biological sciences at the nanoscale and the basic concepts of applying such interdisciplinary principles to develop new technologies for improving human life and health. The first part of this course introduces the fundamental principles of physics, chemistry, and biology at the nanoscale and the basic techniques to generate, manipulate, and characterize man-made and nature's nanomaterials and systems. The second part of this course covers the state-of-the-art applications of nanobiotechnology, with emphasis on biomedical applications.